The family of six groups Esocidae large predatory fish species of fresh water, all of the genus Esox, and belonging to Esociformes. The
Esocidi are widespread in lakes and rivers in North America and Europe (quote in southern Italy and the Balkans). In Europe, the most famous is represented Pike, while in North America, the muskellunge is the largest predator of the Mississippi.
The fish in this family are characterized by a large head and tapering like the beak of a duck. The big mouth is characterized by the sharp teeth.
Esox Lucius (Nortem Pike)
The pike (Esox lucius, Linnaeus 1758) is a freshwater fish belonging to the family of the order of Esocidae Esociformes.
mouth is characterized by a "duck-billed", which is dominated by strong and sharp teeth.
The pike is a useful and valuable natural balance. Prefer to select prey in its diet death or ill, also inhibits excessive fertility other fish, especially cyprinids that develop in excessive numbers, could alter the balance of certain environments.
can reach 1.30 m in length and more than 20 kg (specimens were caught close to 30 kg), the final size and growth are quite variable in relation to food and water temperature, usually reaches 20 cm during the first year of life and the metro in adulthood. The larger specimens are usually females. Has the distinction of having more than 500 unique serrated very sharp on the tongue in addition to their exoskeleton.
Apart from the mouth large and furnished with rows of teeth hooked, pike is characterized by a rather large head from the body, elongated and flattened (which is why it is known in some parts of Italy as "Duck" Pike "). The color is variable depending on habitat and water color: white abdomen yellowish-brown speckled dark green back. The shape varies according to the current body of water where they live in areas with little current assumes a long countenance, in the still waters has a body more tozzo.Le females, which reach sexual maturity around 3-4 years old, lay eggs at the beginning of the spring season, in areas rich in vegetation, water plants adhere to the hatching, when larvae are still attached to plant stems using an adhesive organ of the head and in a few days completely absorbed the yolk sac.
is a predator of other fish, hunt remaining property among aquatic plants waiting for their prey to approach, in keeping with the absence of prey does not disdain frogs, small mammals, young birds and aquatic cannibalism.
is considered the king of freshwater predators. It is spinning, or with live or dead bait is to fund the float. Generally, fishing locating the den or the place where supposedly is hunting submerged logs, reeds, grass, carpets of water lilies are all places where the esocide awaits its prey in agguiato. In large lakes often pike adopts a technique of hunting "suspended," virtually under their desks hunting fish that feed in the given ecosystem (in America this technique is known as "suspending pike"). Care should be taken when we set sail because it has sharp teeth, it is recommended the use of gloves and the landing net and opercular taken: when the fish is almost tired you slide your hand with four fingers closed under one of two gills, it is left down toward the tip of the mouth up to the mandibular bone, this outlet is safe and painless for the fish. In a terminal fishery is essential in steel, titanium or fluorocarbon of generous size (between 0.80 mm and up) perché con i denti potrebbe tranciare il filo, non è raro che il pesce, soprattutto se di grandi dimensioni, ingoi tutta l'esca. Tra le esche valide per insidiarlo si segnalano il morto manovrato, e per lo spinning: spinnerbait di dimensioni generose (da 1 oz. in su), jerkbait, swimbait, come gli intramontabili minnow, rotanti e ondulanti tutti di grandi dimensioni, esche siliconiche di vario tipo e forma ma sempre di generose dimensioni per selezionare la taglia del pesce. Spettacolare è la pesca top water, effettuata con rane e "walking the dog" soprattutto in primavera ed estate.
Esox Masquinongy Esox masquinongy, conosciuto comunemente come Muskellunge o Muskie, è un grande pesce predatore d'acqua dolce, simile al luccio europeo appartenente alla famiglia Esocidae.
Questo pesce è molto diffuso nel continente Nordamericano: bacino fluviale del Mississippi, del Saint Lawrence e nei Grandi Laghi (fino agli estuari nella Baia di Hudson). È stato introdotto nei decenni passati in numerosi corsi d'acqua americani.
Abita le acque calme e limpide e ricche di vegetazione di laghi, stagni e fiumi.
l corpo è molto allungato, siluriforme, con testa e mandibola inferiore sporgente. Le pinne pettorali sono vicine al ventre, mentre la pinna dorsale e quella anale sono opposte e simmetriche. La caudale è forcuta. La livrea è tendente al bruno-verde, più chiaro sui fianchi e biancastro sul ventre. Numerose screziature verticali dall'opercolo branchiale al peduncolo caudale interrompono il colore uniforme. Le pinne sono macchiate di scuro. Può raggiungere i 35 kg di peso circa e la lunghezza di circa 1.5 metri.
La riproduzione avviene tra marzo e maggio: le uova fecondate esternamente dal maschio sono deposte quindi nella sabbia dalla femmina.
Il Muskellunge è un grande predatore, che si apposta negli anfratti rocciosi o nella vegetazione in attesa di afferrare con le forti mascelle pesci, uccelli acquatici, serpenti e roditori. Predilige prede malate o deboli funzionando da equilibratore nell' habitat,inoltre impedisce il prolificare eccessivo di pesci ciprinidi.
Esox Americanus Americanus
Esox Reichert
Esox Niger
Esox Vermiculatus
Thanks Wikipedia
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